Components and complete drive systems for hydrogen vehicles

1. Fuel Cells

Fuel cells are the heart of hydrogen vehicles, converting the chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction. The most commonly used type is the **Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM)** fuel cells, known for their high efficiency, quick startup, and low operating temperature, which is crucial for automotive applications.

2. Hydrogen Tank

Safe storage of hydrogen is essential in hydrogen-powered vehicles. The tanks are made from ultra-lightweight composite fiber materials, providing high strength while minimizing weight.

These tanks meet strict safety standards to withstand high pressures (typically between 350 and 700 bars) and prevent hydrogen leaks.

3. Electric Motor

The electric motor in a hydrogen vehicle is powered by energy generated by the fuel cells and an auxiliary battery. It is characterized by high efficiency, torque available from zero RPM, and low noise emissions. These motors are optimized for dynamic driving and efficient energy use.

4. Battery Pack

The battery in a hydrogen vehicle serves as an energy reservoir, supporting the electric drive during moments of increased power demand, such as acceleration or uphill driving. It also helps recover energy during braking, increasing the overall efficiency of the drivetrain.

5. Energy Management System (EMS)

The Energy Management System (EMS) coordinates the operation of the fuel cells, electric motor, and battery, optimizing the use of hydrogen and electrical energy. EMS monitors the condition of all components, manages energy flow, and ensures smooth transitions between different driving modes, enhancing vehicle efficiency and performance.

6. Cooling System

The cooling system is vital to maintaining the optimal operating temperature of the fuel cells, electric motor, and battery. Effective cooling ensures stable operation of the drivetrain, extending its lifespan and ensuring user safety.

7. Safety Systems

Safety is a priority in hydrogen vehicles. Safety systems include sensors that detect potential hydrogen leaks, safety valves, and automatic hydrogen shutoff systems in case of anomalies. Additionally, the vehicle’s structure is designed to withstand potential collisions, minimizing the risk of explosions or fires.

8. Hydrogen Charger/Exchanger

The hydrogen refueling infrastructure includes stations where hydrogen is delivered to the vehicle quickly and safely. The refueling process typically takes about 3-5 minutes, comparable to traditional fossil fuel refueling. Hydrogen exchangers also allow real-time replacement of spent hydrogen with fresh hydrogen.

Complete Drivetrain System

A complete hydrogen vehicle drivetrain integrates all the above components into a cohesive and efficient system. The key elements of the system include:

– Fuel Cells as the primary source of electrical energy.
– Hydrogen Tank providing fuel storage.
– Electric Motor powering the vehicle with high efficiency.
– Battery Pack supporting the drivetrain and storing recovered energy during braking.
– Energy Management System optimizing the entire system’s operation.
– Cooling System maintaining optimal working conditions.
– Safety Systems ensuring safe vehicle operation.
– Hydrogen Charger/Exchanger enabling quick and efficient refueling.

By integrating components designed and supervised by our team, hydrogen vehicles offer impressive performance, long range, and low emissions, making them an attractive alternative to traditional combustion-engine vehicles.